[{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/www.ceretherm.sk\/otrava-u-deti\/#Article","mainEntityOfPage":"https:\/\/www.ceretherm.sk\/otrava-u-deti\/","headline":"Otrava u det\u00ed","name":"Otrava u det\u00ed","description":"V pr\u00edpade vidieckych oblast\u00ed sa tieto \u00fadaje zni\u017euj\u00fa na 0,3 &#8211; 0,4 na 1000 det\u00ed.\u00a0 Deti do 3 rokov s\u00fa najviac n\u00e1chyln\u00e9 na otravu, tento vek predstavuje viac ako 50%<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ceretherm.sk\/otrava-u-deti\/\" class=\"d-block breadmore\">Read More<\/a>\n","datePublished":"2018-09-09","dateModified":"2018-09-09","author":{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/www.ceretherm.sk\/author\/#Person","name":"","url":"https:\/\/www.ceretherm.sk\/author\/","identifier":1,"image":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/42264ea8f5170010011c6bbf811aa6c31c20ad3acf2a9bd21dca0746ea8c832a?s=96&d=mm&r=g","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/42264ea8f5170010011c6bbf811aa6c31c20ad3acf2a9bd21dca0746ea8c832a?s=96&d=mm&r=g","height":96,"width":96}},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"ceretherm.sk","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"\/logo.png","url":"\/logo.png","width":600,"height":60}},"image":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/www.ceretherm.sk\/wp-content\/uploads\/img_a293085_w16634_t1541781886.jpg","url":"https:\/\/www.ceretherm.sk\/wp-content\/uploads\/img_a293085_w16634_t1541781886.jpg","height":0,"width":0},"url":"https:\/\/www.ceretherm.sk\/otrava-u-deti\/","wordCount":397,"articleBody":"V pr\u00edpade vidieckych oblast\u00ed sa tieto \u00fadaje zni\u017euj\u00fa na 0,3 &#8211; 0,4 na 1000 det\u00ed.\u00a0 Deti do 3 rokov s\u00fa najviac n\u00e1chyln\u00e9 na otravu, tento vek predstavuje viac ako 50% v\u0161etk\u00fdch exog\u00e9nnych intoxik\u00e1ci\u00ed; viac ako 26% s\u00fa deti \u0161kolsk\u00e9ho veku, v\u00e4\u010d\u0161inou star\u0161ie ako 13 rokov.\t\tMedzi nosologick\u00fdmi formami s\u00fa viac ako 80% otravy l\u00e1tkami, hlavn\u00fdmi s\u00fa kardiovaskul\u00e1rne lieky, hlavne klofelin, trankviliz\u00e9ry a neuroleptik\u00e1, sedat\u00edvne a hypnotick\u00e9 lie\u010div\u00e1 vr\u00e1tane deriv\u00e1tov kyseliny barbiturovej. Nasleduje otrava s po\u013enohospod\u00e1rskymi, priemyseln\u00fdmi a rastlinn\u00fdmi jedmi, dom\u00e1cimi chemik\u00e1liami, alkoholom, ropn\u00fdmi produktmi, so\u013eami \u0165a\u017ek\u00fdch kovov.\t\t\u00a0Medzi star\u0161\u00edmi de\u0165mi patr\u00ed v\u00fdznamn\u00e9 miesto \u00famyselnej otrave, vr\u00e1tane alkoholu a drog, zneu\u017e\u00edvania n\u00e1vykov\u00fdch l\u00e1tok. Jednou z pr\u00ed\u010din otravy u \u0161kolopovinn\u00fdch det\u00ed je samovra\u017eedn\u00e9 a parasuid\u00e1lne prostredie.\t\tCelkov\u00e1 \u00famrtnos\u0165 det\u00ed s ak\u00fatnou otravou je 1,1% a do zna\u010dnej miery z\u00e1vis\u00ed od veku det\u00ed (v skupine mlad\u0161\u00edch ako 1 rok prekra\u010duje 3%) a toxicity chemick\u00fdch l\u00e1tok, ktor\u00e9 sp\u00f4sobili otravu.\u00a0 Miera \u00famrtnosti je obzvl\u00e1\u0161\u0165 vysok\u00e1 v pr\u00edpade otravy vysoko toxick\u00fdmi a zriedka sa vyskytuj\u00facimi jedmi v pediatrickej toxikologickej praxi, napr\u00edklad anil\u00ednom (8%). Ak\u00fatna otrava det\u00ed si v\u017edy vy\u017eaduje okam\u017eit\u00fa lek\u00e1rsku starostlivos\u0165.\t\tV\u00fdsledok ochorenia a \u00fa\u010dinnos\u0165 lie\u010dby toxikologick\u00fdch pacientov z\u00e1vis\u00ed vo ve\u013ekej miere od v\u010dasnej lie\u010dby, od jej objemu a pr\u00edsnej kontinuity v r\u00f4znych \u0161t\u00e1di\u00e1ch detoxik\u00e1cie a symptomatickej lie\u010dby.\t\tV\u00fdplach \u017eal\u00fadka sa uskuto\u010d\u0148uje vo v\u0161etk\u00fdch pr\u00edpadoch, ke\u010f die\u0165a prech\u00e1dza toxick\u00fdmi l\u00e1tkami cez \u00fasta okam\u017eite po otr\u00e1ven\u00ed, alebo ak je to mo\u017en\u00e9, v \u010do najskor\u0161om \u010dase v sede, deti s poruchou vedomia a prv\u00e9 3 roky \u017eivota v horizont\u00e1lnej polohe.Odstr\u00e1nenie jedu z \u010dreva sa vykon\u00e1va vo v\u0161etk\u00fdch pr\u00edpadoch oneskoren\u00e9ho vstupu (4-5 hod\u00edn) po \u017eal\u00fado\u010dnej otrave. Na tento \u00fa\u010del sa pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00fa preh\u00e1\u0148adl\u00e1, \u010distiace klyst\u00edry. Salinick\u00e9 laxat\u00edva (s\u00edran hore\u010dnat\u00fd a s\u00edran sodn\u00fd) sa nesm\u00fa pou\u017e\u00edva\u0165 u pacientov s otravou jedovat\u00fdmi jedmi a s pr\u00edznakmi gastroenterit\u00eddy. V tomto pr\u00edpade sa uprednost\u0148uje vazel\u00edna alebo rastlinn\u00fd olej v d\u00e1vke 3 ml \/ kg.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                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